Gender and Behaviour - Volume 11, Issue 2, January 2013

African countries are prone to major ethical problems which have led to poor economic growth; this can be seen in the Nigerian business environment and economy. Small business enterprises (SME's) are essential for the growth of the economy in any country. One of the biggest threats to any SME is employee theft which results in up to 30 per cent of small business failures. This research study aims to determine the moral behaviour in the business sector, as well as the phenomenon of employee theft among small business in Nigeria. Quantitative research was used to conduct the study and the data collection method used was a survey questionnaire. The study revealed that there are various individual issues that make up a person's moral behaviour. It also revealed that the concern for theft in the workplace and the impact that theft has on the business does not influence moral behaviour.

In our consumption-and-media-orient society, alcohol advertisements in contemporary women's magazines become ripe for analysis. The text in women's magazines often have influence as agents of socialization, regularizing and giving preferentiality to specific types of meaning about femininity, sexuality and race. So, it comes as no surprise when African feminists like Mama claim that the impact of globalisation on women's cultural practices have become normalised. The main research question is how femininity, race and sexuality are constructed in women's magazines through alcohol advertising in South African and American women's magazines. The characteristics of the adverts, in other words, the presence of human models, celebrities and sexuality, were examined using textual analysis. The findings indicate that the alcohol industry uses antifeminist societal communication in women's magazines which could lead to new onsets of alcohol use and perpetuate current drinking patterns including stereotypes of what it means to be a woman.

Few cultural practices against women and gender related violence in Ogoni land, Rivers State, Nigeria had attracted international attention. The killing of twins, the practice of genital mutilation and the uprising and brutal killing by the military government following the popular mass action by the Ogoni people against abuse of their environment by the oil multinational cooperation generated considerable international condemnation. What is not well known is the "Sira" culture and violence against women on the death of their husbands. The "Sira" culture is a cultural practice in which first daughters are not given out for marriage; rather they are made to live a promiscuous life with attendant consequences of single parenthood and mental abuse. The key questions explored in this study are: to what extent is the practice of "Sira" culture implicated in the intensity of promiscuity and violence against women in Ogoni land? What are the gender related violence against women arising from burial rites of their husbands in Ogoni land? To address these key questions, focus group discussion, key personality interview were conducted. This study is anchored on transformative learning theory. The study reveals that there is variation in the intensity of the practice of sira culture and widowhood practice in Gokana and Khana local government areas all in Ogoni land. Based on the findings and the discussion the writers concluded that the three elements of transformative learning theory be infused into adult education programmes to address these issues.

This paper examined gender difference in achievement in reading comprehension of pupils with intellectual disability using audio-taped and individualized instructional strategies. The study adopted a pretest, post-test, quasi-experimental design. 10 pupils each were purposively selected from three special schools in Ibadan, they were assigned into two experimental groups and a control group, two instruments were used; Slossan's Intelligence Test (α = 0.86) and Reading comprehension Achievement Test (α = 0.76). Two instructional packages were equally used for the two excremental groups (Audio-taped and individualized instructional strategies). The study lasted for eight weeks. Three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA) and Duncan post hoc. The results revealed a significant main effect of treatment in reading comprehension achievement of pupils, there was no significant gender effect on reading comprehension achievement of pupils and lastly there was no significant interaction effect of treatment and gender on reading comprehension achievement of pupils. Special educators, curriculum planners, future researchers and pupils would find the two strategies useful in the enhancement of achievement in reading comprehension of pupils with intellectual disability.

This study examined the psychological implications of Bereavement on some selected Widows and Widowers in Oyo Town, Nigeria. The descriptive survey design was used while 100 sample was selected using simple random sampling technique out of the target population. The self designed Questionnaire (2WPIQ) was used to collect the data from the sample. The questionnaire has two sections. Section A contained the biographical data while Section B has 20 items rated in four Likert tail. The Reliability Co-efficient was 0.62 while the data collected was analyzed using the student's t-test statistical analysis. Three Hypotheses were drawn and tested at 0.05 level of significance using 98 degree of freedom. The three hypotheses were significant while a mean difference were noticed among the variables. H01 revealed that there is a significant difference in the psychological implications of Bereaved widows and widowers. H02 showed that there is a significant difference in the psychological implications of Bereaved Christians and Muslims and H03 also indicated that there is a significant difference in the psychological implications of the young and aged couples on Bereavement in Oyo Town. In conclusion, it was found that bereavement is associated with various experiences which needed to be monitored by psychological experts.