This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website. Learn more.

×
Skip to main content

Abstract

Small, medium, and micro enterprises (SMMEs) are vital contributors to the expansion of the South African economy, serving as significant drivers of employment, economic advancement, poverty reduction, and wealth generation. Consequently, they are essential for achieving industrial and economic progress. However, despite their critical role, there is a notable scarcity of research on the tactics employed by SMMEs to sustain themselves during periods of crisis. In this study, a qualitative research method was utilised, involving 10 businesses located in Polokwane Local Municipality. Data collection was conducted through structured interviews using a pre-defined guide. The collected data were transcribed using Microsoft Word and subjected to thematic analysis using ATLAS.ti software. The findings unveiled that small, medium, and micro enterprises employed various survival tactics to mitigate the impacts of COVID-19, such as fostering business collaborations, implementing remote work practices, and integrating technological advancements.

  • Agrawal S.De Smet A.Lacroix S.Reich A.2020 "To emerge stronger from the COVID-19 crisis, companies should start reskilling their workforces now" McKinsey Insights

    Google Scholar
  • Ali B. J.Anwar G.Gardi B.Othman B. J.Aziz H. M.Ahmed S. A.Hamza P. A.Ismael N. B.Sorguli S.Sabir B. Y.2021 "Business communication strategies: Analysis of internal communication processes" Journal of Humanities and Education Development 331638

    Google Scholar
  • Arbussa A.Bikfalvi A.Marquès P.2017 "Strategic agility-driven business model renewal: the case of an SME" Management Decision

    Google Scholar
  • Ayandibu A. O.Kaseeram I.Ayandibu E. O.2021 "A conceptual model on the challenges affecting the growth, sustainability, and survival of small, medium, and micro enterprise" Ayandibo A. O.Reshaping entrepreneurship education with strategy and innovation116IGI Global

    Google Scholar
  • Belso-Martinez J. A.Molina-Morales F. X.Mas-Verdu F.2013 "Combining effects of internal resources, entrepreneur characteristics and KIS on new firms" Journal of Business Research 661020792089

    Google Scholar
  • Bimha H.Primrose Z. J.2021 "The impact of Covid-19 on the small, medium and micro enterprises sector in Cape Town, South Africa" International Journal of Research in Business, Economics and Management 525

    Google Scholar
  • Bowman S.2021Five ways small businesses can get more exposure in2021 https://www.forbes.com/sites/forebesagencycouncil/2021/01/20/five-ways-small-businesses-can-get-more-exposure-in-2021/?sh=4c2bea6dad2Date accessed: 08 Feb 2021

    Google Scholar
  • Cant M. C.Wiid J. A.2020 "The role and importance of marketing in South African township SMMEs" Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 959098

    Google Scholar
  • Chimucheka T.2013 "The impact of entrepreneurship education on the establishment and survival of small, micro, and medium enterprises (SMMEs)" Journal of Economics 42157168

    Google Scholar
  • Clancy M.2020The case for remote work (No. 202004130700001101)Iowa State University, Department of Economics

    Google Scholar
  • Crick J. M.Crick D.2020 "Coopetition and COVID-19: Collaborative business-to-business marketing strategies in a pandemic crisis" Industrial Marketing Management 88206213

    Google Scholar
  • Dele-Ijagbulu O. J.Moos M.Eresia-Eke C.2021 "Modelling the relationships between the business environment, entrepreneurial orientation, and employment growth amongst small, medium, and micro-enterprises in South Africa" South African Journal of Business Management 52112

    Google Scholar
  • Dos Santos J.Duffett R.2021 "Exploring social media usage as a communication channel among independent food retailer SMEs in South Africa" Small Business International Review 52e392

    Google Scholar
  • Du Plooy-Cilliers F.Cronje J.2014 "Research paradigms and traditions" Research matters1835

    Google Scholar
  • Dubbelink S. I.Herrando C.Constantinides E.2021 "Social media marketing as a branding strategy in extraordinary times: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic" Sustainability 131810310

    Google Scholar
  • Edvardsson I. R.Durst S.Oskarsson G. K.2019 "Strategic outsourcing in SMEs" Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development 2717384

    Google Scholar
  • Eniola A. A.2021 "The entrepreneur motivation and financing sources" Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 7125

    Google Scholar
  • Felthun G.Atkinson C.2020COVID-19: South African Government financial assistance measures for South African businesses to stay afloat in turbulent waters https://www.whitecase.com/publications/alert/covid-19-south-african-government-financial-assistance-measuresDate accessed: 22 October 2021

    Google Scholar
  • Fitriasari F.2020 "How do small and medium enterprise (SME) survive the COVID-19 outbreak?" Jurnal Inovasi Ekonomi 502

    Google Scholar
  • Foss N. J.Saebi T.2017 "Fifteen years of research on business model innovation: How far have we come, and where should we go?" Journal of Management 431200227

    Google Scholar
  • Gamage S. K. N.Ekanayake E. M. S.Abeyrathne G. A. K. N. J.Prasanna R. P. I. R.Jayasundara J. M. S. B.Rajapakshe P. S. K.2020 "A review of global challenges and survival strategies of small and medium enterprises (SMEs)" Economies 84124

    Google Scholar
  • Gerald E.Obianuju A.Chukwunonso N.2020 "Strategic agility and performance of small and medium enterprises in the phase of Covid-19 pandemic" International Journal of Financial, Accounting, and Management 214150

    Google Scholar
  • Granot E.Brashear T. G.Motta P. C.2012 "A structural guide to in-depth interviewing in business and industrial marketing research" Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing 277547553

    Google Scholar
  • Guo H.Yang Z.Huang R.Guo A.2020 "The digitalization and public crisis responses of small and medium enterprises: Implications from a COVID-19 survey" Frontiers of Business Research in China 141125

    Google Scholar
  • Harianto R. A.Sari P. N.2021 "Strategic digitalization of UMKM business as an alternative to survive the COVID-19 pandemic" Linguistics and Culture Review 5S1617

    Google Scholar
  • Jasinski A.Qiao Y.Fallon E.Flynn R.2021May "A workflow management framework for the dynamic generation of workflows that is independent of the application environment" 2021 IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management (IM)152160IEEE

    Google Scholar
  • Kang J.Diao Z.Zanini M. T.2021 "Business-to-business marketing responses to COVID-19 crisis: A business process perspective" Marketing Intelligence & Planning 393454468

    Google Scholar
  • Kitukutha N. M.Vasa L.Oláh J.2021June "The Impact of COVID-19 on the economy and sustainable e-commerce" Forum Scientiae Oeconomia 924772

    Google Scholar
  • Kokemuller N.2021Small business. From Small Business CHRON https://smallbusiness.chron.Com/benefits-company-logo-61110.HtmlDate Accessed 22 October 2021

    Google Scholar
  • Liguori E. W.Pittz T. G.2020 "Strategies for small business: Surviving and thriving in the era of COVID-19" Journal of the International Council for Small Business 12106110

    Google Scholar
  • Li X.Zhao X.Pu W.2020 "Measuring ease of use of mobile applications in e-commerce retailing from the perspective of consumer online shopping behavior patterns" Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services 55102093

    Google Scholar
  • Kang J.Diao Z.Zanini M. T.2020 "Business-to-business marketing responses to COVID-19 crisis: A business process perspective" Marketing Intelligence & Planning

    Google Scholar
  • Kwinje C.Mwando-Gukushu M.Zengeni N.2020Corporate entrepreneurship strategy and the survival of small to medium tourism enterprises in Zimbabwe

    Google Scholar
  • Makwara T.Ezeuduji I.Ntshangase S. D.Iwu C.G.Iwu C.Nxopo Z.2020Corporate entrepreneurship strategy and the survival of small to medium tourism enterprises in Zimbabwe

    Google Scholar
  • Malesev S.Cherry M.2021 "Digital and social media marketing-growing market share for construction SMEs" Construction Economics and Building 2116582

    Google Scholar
  • Mason A. N.Narcum J.Mason K.2021 "Social media marketing gains importance after Covid-19" Cogent Business & Management 811870797

    Google Scholar
  • Militello J.2021 "Networking in the time of COVID" Languages 6292

    Google Scholar
  • National Youth Development Agency (NYDA)2020Final approved 5-year NYDA Strategic Plan 2020-2025 https://www.nyda.gov.za/Portals/0/downloads/FINAL%20APPROVED%205-YEAR%20NYDA%20STRATEGIC%20PLAN%202020-2025.pdfDate accessed: 09 July 2021

    Google Scholar
  • Oktora K.Lolita S. P.Ismail V. Y.Novesar M. R.Bon A. T.2020 "E-commerce adoption level in SMEs since pandemic Covid-19 case in Bogor, Indonesia" 2nd African International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management 5918361847

    Google Scholar
  • Paul O. O.Mathias A.Aminat A.2021 "Survival strategies of small and medium businesses in Lokoja Metropolis of Kogi State" Ajents 12266

    Google Scholar
  • Popovic L.2021 "Diversifying your way out of crisis: Strategic diversification for textile service SMEs as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic" Doctoral dissertationWien

    Google Scholar
  • Qehaja A. B.2021 "Response strategies for SMEs in the time of pandemic COVID-19" Revista Latinoamericana de Investigación Social 415764

    Google Scholar
  • Rajagopaul A.Magwentshu N.Kalidas S.2020How South African SMEs can survive and thrive post COVID-19JohannesburgMcKinsey & Company

    Google Scholar
  • Ratten V.2020 "Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and sport entrepreneurship" International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 26613791388

    Google Scholar
  • Renu N.2021 "Technological advancement in the era of COVID-19" SAGE Open Medicine 920503121211000912

    Google Scholar
  • Selby B.Copperman R.DeBoer K.Brown E.Komanduri A.Livshits V.Kuppam A.2018 "Use of convenience sampling: Benefits and challenges from the Phoenix, Arizona, Area" Household Travel Survey18-04913

    Google Scholar
  • Syriopoulos K.2020 "The impact of COVID-19 on entrepreneurship and SMEs" Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies 26212

    Google Scholar
  • Trudgen R.Freeman S.2014 "Measuring the performance of born-global firms throughout their development process: The roles of initial market selection and internationalization speed" Management International Review 544551579

    Google Scholar
  • Wang S. S.Goh J. R.Sornette D.Wang H.Yang E.Y.2021 "Government support for SMEs in response to COVID-19: Theoretical model using Wang transform" China Finance Review International 113406433

    Google Scholar
  • Wangui M.2020 "Influence of business survival strategies on growth of small and medium enterprises in Narok Town, Narok County" Doctoral dissertationStrathmore University

    Google Scholar
  • ZiemNowics C.Harrison G.Crandall W.2011 "The new normal: How social media is changing the way organizations manage a crisis" Central Business Review 301-21724

    Google Scholar
  • Zou C.Zhao W.Siau K.2020 "COVID-19 calls for remote reskilling and retraining" Cutter Business Technology Journal 3372125

    Google Scholar

Cookies on Sabinet

Our web pages use cookies - information about how you interact with the site. When you select “Accept all cookies,” you’re agreeing to let your browser store that data on your device so that we can provide you with a better, more relevant experience.

More information

×